Good day steemit friends, today i am going to be sharing with you the way we can achieve soil conservation.
The problem about soil erosion is that it can hardly be stooped, or totally prevented. It goes on, so long as rain falls and winds blows. All that can be done to conserve this non-renewable resource is to attack the causes of erosion in order to check or reduce its effects. Doing this is what we refer to as soil conservation or soil management.

Soil Conservation is the name given to a handful of techniques aimed at preserving the soil. Soil loss and loss of soil fertility can be traced back to a number of causes including over-use, erosion, salinization and chemical contamination. Unsustainable subsistence farming and the slash and burn clearing methods used in some less developed regions, can often cause deforestation, loss of soil nutrients, erosion on a massive scale and sometimes even complete desertification.
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Soil conservation measures fall under three categories:

• Improved farming methods
• Direct physical confrontation of the erosion
• Education and government intervention

Improved farming methods

• Terracing or cutting small flat steps across hillsides, slows down the velocity of the flood water flow and therefore the rate of erosion. This is common on the Jos plateau here in my country.
  
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• Countour ploughing or making ridges along the countour lines, converts these ridges to obstacles to flood water, thereby forcing much of the water to seep down into the ground. Erosion is therefore checked.
  
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• Rotation of crops or planting different crop on a plot each year, ensures that plant food does not get exhausted, particularly if fertilizer is added in the process. If the rotation includes nitrogen fixing leguminous crops like groundnuts, and cover crops, they enrich the soil with nutrients and shield it from erosion.

• Strip cropping is another method. In this, a farmland is divided into narrow strips running at right angles to the flood or wind direction. Alternate strips are ploughed and cultivated each time, and when a particular strip is laid bare or ploughed, the adjacent one is under grass or is growing another crop. When the flood or wind carries off soil particles from the bare strip, these particles get caught and held back by vegetation in the strip which has grass or crops still growing on it. Erosion is thereby checked.

• Stubble mulching, or leaving the maize stalls without pulling them from the ground after the maize has been harvested , helps to check erosion.

• Controlled animal grazing. In this, animals are not allowed to graze where the grass is already poor, otherwise they would render the place bare and subject to erosion.

Direct physical confrontation of the erosion process

• low woven fence barricades made up of sticks, twigs and plants (dead or alive) are built across nascent gullies. These check the rate of flow of the flood water and hold back some of the soil being carried away by it.

• Vegetaion is planted over cultivated fields or slopes. Roots of such vegetation help to bind the slopes. Roots of such vegetation help to bind the soil together and prevent it from being easily washed away.

• Trees are planted in two or more belts on a flat dry area across the direction of the wind. These shelter belts, as they are known , break the force of the wind, compel it to drop much of the soil particles it is carrying and shelter the area behind from renewed wind attack. Several kilometers of such shelter belts have been plated in the Northern part of my country Nigeria.

Education and government intervention

farmers are educated by agricultural extension staff on the soil management imethods i have discussed. Government also sets up erosional control agencies to study particular cases and implement proven control measures. It provides local technical personnel and finances, or seeks these input from foreign agencies like the United Nations or European Union in the case of Developing nations to implement its environmental protection programmes.

Stoping erosion is totally impossible but we can minimize the rate of erosion, through the various conservation techniques have discuss above. The soil is a very important resource to man and therefore must be conserved at all cost.

Reference
https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/methods-of-soil-conservation.php
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_conservation
http://greenliving.lovetoknow.com/What_Is_Soil_Conservation