Above we talked about Polkadot's on-chain governance. On-chain governance is a major advancement in blockchain democracy. Anyone who holds DOT can vote through motions and make their own choices for the future development of Polkadot, thereby creating a true decentralization that is fully autonomous by the community. network of.
Through on-chain governance, the execution stage is finally reached. Due to Poka's unique self-upgrading technology, no matter what disputes in the community, the upgrade of all nodes will ultimately remain consistent, which fundamentally eliminates the risk of hard forks.

Originally, Kusama Pioneer Network is strictly a project independent of Polkadot, but they are inextricably linked.

1. For a sufficient sense of security

Everyone should have played online games. Before the large-scale Internet games are officially launched, they will go through a beta version, a closed beta version, then a public test, and finally go online.

Why should we engage in such a complicated process?

Because the program has some vulnerabilities, some vulnerabilities can be found immediately during development, and some vulnerabilities are very hidden and not easy to find during testing, but they often cause huge disasters when they are finally discovered. This is why large-scale Internet projects have to be tested repeatedly before they finally dare to go online.

For the blockchain, loopholes are even more terrible.

Because the blockchain involves assets on the chain, once any vulnerabilities are exploited by hackers, it will cause large-scale asset loss and network paralysis, and the most serious situation will destroy the entire project.

Everyone should have played online games. Before the large-scale Internet games are officially launched, they will go through a beta version, a closed beta version, then a public test, and finally go online.

Why should we engage in such a complicated process?

Errors in the blockchain are difficult to remedy. If there is an error on the Internet, it is too late to update the program. If there is an error in the blockchain, the assets on the chain are transferred away. Rolling back data will violate the immutable spirit of the blockchain. Once an error occurs, there will be no emergency hard fork. Any way.

This is why we invest in the currency circle and feel insecure every day. Not only are they worried that the currency they bought will fall due to market reasons, but also that the project will return to zero due to system loopholes.

Polkadot has Kusama advance network, which gives me enough sense of security.

2. What is Kusama

I have always said that Lin Jiawen is a great engineer. A good engineer can not only create a well-thought-out and cleverly conceived program framework, but also be cautious and consider all aspects of program security.

How can we ensure the security of blockchain programs?

Then just make a test network. Every time the blockchain faces a huge upgrade, implement it on this test network first. If the test network runs for a long time without problems, then transplant this new version to the main network. surface.

Everyone knows that Litecoin is a copycat version of Bitcoin. When Bitcoin faces huge program changes, you must first experiment with Litecoin. For example, the "isolated verification" technology of Litecoin in 17 years is itself to solve the problem of Bitcoin's expansion. It just needs to be tested on Litecoin. This has led to Litecoin's soaring sky and becoming the leader of the bull market.

Kusama is based on this idea. When it first came out, it could be said to be a test version of Polkadot, but it was an early experimental version of Polkadot that existed in the real economic environment. So it is also called Polkadot Advance Network.

This pioneer network has the same functions as Polkadot and the same features as Polkadot. But compared to Polkadot, its block generation speed is faster and its performance is more efficient. Kusama will not pay as much attention to safety as Polkadot, but pay more attention to technical experiments in the real world and verifying the hypotheses of technicians. It is a large-scale test platform on which all crazy ideas can be implemented.

3. Parachain of Kusama

Like Polkadot, Kusama also has parachains, and of course there will be parallel-chain slot auctions.

Polkadot’s parachains are mostly DEFI, DEX, DAOs and other projects that involve frequent asset transactions and high security requirements, and the bidding of parachain slots is very fierce, and the slot rent for parachains is relatively high. For those small startups, although there are also parallel threads as an alternative to parachains, joining Kusama's parachains may be a better choice.

Although Kusama sacrifices some security, it has high throughput TPS. So Kusama is very suitable for projects that do not require bank-level security but focus on throughput. Such as games, music, authentication, social networking and other applications.

Kusama will build a transfer bridge in the future. Similar to connecting Bitcoin and Ethereum, Kusama will also become a parachain of Polkadot. This is fun. Kusama's parachain can also communicate with Polkadot's parachain to achieve data cross-chain, asset cross-chain and interoperability.

4.social recovery private key

There are many advanced functions that Polkadot does not have on Kusama, and Duck said one is particularly meaningful.

Friends who believe in playing coins are most afraid of losing their private keys. Indeed, the private key is the only certificate of the wallet owner. Once lost, there is no way to retrieve the assets. Many people would rather keep their coins in exchanges than keep their wallets, because they are afraid of improper custody of private keys.

Is there no way to remedy the loss of the private key?

There is a social recovery private key function on Kusama. For example, you can add the addresses of 10 trusted friends as friends. Once you lose your private key, you can contact these friends and ask them to help you recover your private key. Once the friends who agree to your request exceed a set ratio, such as 80%, the system will automatically unlock the wallet.

Yes, I know you will ask, what if someone tricks a friend into maliciously recovering the private key?

One of Kusama's great strengths is that there are some protective measures.

1. After the private key is successfully restored, there will be a set delay execution period;

2. A certain deposit must be paid each time the private key is restored.

In this way, once you have maliciously deceived your friend to restore the private key, during the delayed execution period, as long as your friend talks to you about this incident and arouses your vigilance, you can log in to your account at any time to cancel the recovery process and confiscate the malicious The deposit paid by the person.

Is it particularly interesting? In the future, Kusama's social recovery private key function may also be deployed on the Polkadot mainnet. Let us look forward to it!

Kusama is Polkadot's advanced network. With this advanced network, any advanced technology of Polkadot upgrades will be tested on Kusama first, so that Polkadot's main network can reach the top level of security.