Humanistic counseling models. Critical analysis. /part 8/

Awareness of the ways the individual manipulates and seeks support from the environment: - Role play and fantasy; - shuttle technique: redirection of attention to various activities; - technique of the empty chair: with ambivalent feelings - wants to distinguish the opposing parts - when identifying a certain internal conflict. Language techniques: - use of "me" instead of us; - Replace the verb "can not" with "do not want". Results. A strong person who realizes his needs, is in contact with the environment, lives in the present.

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Rogers, Maslow and May form the original character of humorous psychology and remain her most respected figures. Strongly influenced by the existential theologian Paul Tilich, Rollo Mei introduced the European trend of existentialism and phenomenology in humanistic psychology. The client-centered therapy formulated in 1940 by K. Rodgers is accepted as the main model of the humanistic direction for counseling. Basics . The theoretical basis of client-centered therapy is the principles of humanistic psychology, developed by A. Maslow, E. From, J. Oliport, K. Horney, the views of Heidegger's existential philosophy and the phenomenological theory of the personality of Rogers. The first situation is that objective reality is not invariable for all, but that. which is perceived by man at a given time. The subjective perception of yourself and its surroundings, not an absolute reality.

The second is that a person is good, rational, and has an aspiration for perfection. In man there is an innate striving for health, socialization, self-realization and autonomy. This is determined by the general notion of self-actualization. which is the main motive of the behavior. Rogers believes that lies, hatred or jealousy are the result of instinct leftovers that distract the person from its true nature. Basic concepts. I-concept is the general self-perception of a person - the perceptions of yourself, of what one needs and what he wants to be. as well as the perception of relationships with others. I-the concept is being built and changed over the lifetime, which is considered more ecologically as a process.

For its formation, the environment plays an important role, and especially the subjects of importance to the individual. Effective I-concept is created under certain psychological conditions, of which the most important is the unconditional positive attitude of parents. Experience is defined as everything that happens in the body for a given time at the psychological level. He may be conscious or not.