Biography of the Prophet Muhammad / السيرة النبوية الشريفة

From birth to mission

The life of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) in Mecca is a lot of mystery especially before his mission, because the lights were not given to him except in particular. The novels of the Prophet after the emigration are almost consistent in their details, Islamic as well as the author of the Islamic message that brought the community of ignorance from darkness to light

His life prior to the mission was within the pre-Islamic history and Muhammad was not the most famous figure in Mecca. Perhaps people took care of the lives of Abdul Muttalib, Abi Sufyan and Al-Walid Bin Al-Mughira, more than their interest in Mohammed's life, and the browser of Islamic history books about the life of Muhammad, peace be upon him. With the knowledge of the history of his life year after year, as it did after the migration, but are stories that highlight the events of limitations for forty years, most linked to the history of Mecca, and not only Muhammad, but a little - and this light highlighted by a bright light, but some of the clouds of illusion and imagination - Muslim historians have tried They filled this gap in the history of the Holy Prophet and woven many of the stories and stories attributed to him before his mission and tried to prove the right to him, peace be upon him message, while his message is rich in human proof because it is a divine grant, and the death of these historians that the people of Mecca who lived Muhammad and Aishoh close up did not know these proofs and did not draw on the validity of his message, but stood the position of hostility and described Muhammad peace be upon him lying and magic and madness, and missed the life of Muhammad before the mission is different from his life after that, Mohammed before the mission issued by the same Pure human and human nature that combined all qualities of perfection Sani, hedged by Divine Providence to prevent them from falling into human vices and to reach absolute human perfection, but his life after the mission does not speak of fancy that is only a revelation inspired by the knowledge of the strong forces.

In any case, despite the attempt of historians to write the history of the Prophet peace be upon him before the mission, but there are still large gaps in this period did not mention anything about them.

The messenger before the mission

It is Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib bin Hashim bin Abdul Manaf bin Qusai bin Kallab bin Merah bin Ka'b bin Luai bin Ghalib bin Fahr and ends his ratio to Ismail peace be upon him, and his father Abdullah bin Abdul Muttalib one of the sacrifices mentioned in the Hadith (I am the son of the sacrifices ) His distant grandfather Ismael, when God commanded Abraham peace be upon him to slaughter him, and the second sacrifice is the mother of Abdullah, and that his grandfather Abdul Muttalib when he dug Zamzam and extracted the treasures of their dragged them, Quraish quarreled in it and had no sons to support him and help him, Ten males to come close to the goddess by one of them, and God gave him ten male Vorha Among them was the drawing of Abd al-Muttalib, and he went to Abd al-Muttalib to give him a hand, so he stopped him from Quraish so that he would not serve as a precedent for the Arabs to follow. So they ruled to divination, so he decided to kill his son with ten camels and fight between them and Abdullah. And still Abdul Muttalib do so until the number of camels hundred and came out lots on camels Vtbha Abdul Muttalib and Abdi father of the Prophet peace be upon him.

It is worth noting that Abdullah was not the youngest children of Abdul Muttalib, contrary to the historians, it is known that Abbas was the uncle of the Prophet peace be upon him was greater than two years and since the redemption in the year before the birth of the Prophet peace be upon him to Abbas then old One year, and his uncle Hamzah was in the form of Umrah, how is Abdullah is smaller than these, a father of Muhammad peace be upon him.

He married Abdullah Bamna bint Wahab, one of the most prominent houses of the Quraish, and did not spend their marriage until a short period until Abdullah went to trade to Syria, but he did not return to Mecca, where he died on the way back, they went to Yathrib, died at the time of his brothers from Bani Najjar did not go On the pregnancy of his wife more than two months, as if God Angha of slaughter to perform a certain task when it ended up seized his soul !! It was said that Abdullah died after the birth of a daughter a year and was said twenty-eight months and the first opinion is famous.

She remained safe in Mecca in the guarantee of Abdul Muttalib and left her husband Abdullah of the wealth estimated five camels and herd and sheep and ongoing mother of the right.

Birth of the Prophet peace be upon him

And when she completed the safe to carry the best of what should be born Muhammad peace be upon him and was carrying and birth are natural, there is nothing narrated from the narratives revolves around what she saw in pregnancy and birth night, and left the correct historical sources such as Ibn Hashim and al-Tabari and Masoudi and the son of the ether of such dice, Ibn Hisham said that he was born on the second, eighth or twelfth day. Was he born in the month of Safar or the first spring? Was he born night or day? , Summer or spring, whether it was in the year of the elephant or before or after.

It is known that he was born at the dawn of Monday, the ninth of the month of Rabie I-year of the elephant and researchers believe that the year of the elephant is not known specifically whether it was in 522 m or 563 m or 570 or 571 m looking for a fixed history investigator can determine the birth of the Prophet peace be upon him And found that the first date to achieve is the date of migration in the year 622 AD This can reconcile the opinion of historians and the opinion of researchers that the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him was born on Monday, the ninth spring in the third year before the fifty .

Breastfeeding peace be upon him

It was the customs of Mecca to entrust their children to Badia women to get them, because the Badia is better for the growth of the bodies of children and away from the diseases of the city, which often affects their bodies as well as proficiency in the Arabic language and come back to pronounce the psyche since childhood. And the amount of care and care of the child is different from one tribe to another, so careful supervision of Mecca to be their children when most of these tribes care and care was the most famous tribe in this matter is the tribe of Bani Saad.

The fame of Bani Saad did not stand on the matter of care and care of the child only, but fame gained in the fact that her language was pure Arabic not flawed as well as the reputation of good morals, so Abdul Muttalib was keen to be Mohammed in Bani Saad when Halima Saadia came to take it and felt this The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was proud of his breastfeeding in the Bani Saad Mosque. He said: I say to you, I am Qureshi, and I was breastfed with the sons of Saad ibn Bakr.

Historians say that Muhammad offered to all lactating women who went to Makkah and took him to Mecca and Fakrah, and that they were thirsty in the sons of the rich and that Halima returned to him only because she did not find another child and this is not true Mohammed was not poor is in the guarantee of Jeddah Abdul Muttalib, , And the likes of those who covet in his gift. The sources mentioned that the army of Abraha in his campaign against the Kaaba has received two hundred camels for Abdul Muttalib, and that the ransom of Abdullah's daughter a hundred camels, and the slaughter of a large group of them in his marriage can not be repelled by humans or animals, Abdul Muttalib at the time of his death wrapped in two halves of Yemen analyzed worth a thousand tons of gold mouth Was this the case that it is possible that he is poor and leaves his mother-in-law? As well as breast feeding children in the desert usually supervised Mecca and its rich, but the poor mother was breast feeding her child.

Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) spent three or four years in the custody and care of Halima bint Abi Dhu'ayb al-Saadiyya and her husband Harith ibn 'Abd al-'Uzzi, then she hastened to bring him back to his mother in Mecca if her young son told her that two men took Muhammad and his chest and extracted his heart. And take it suspended black and then the heart and sent back to what it was, and the historians differed in the fact of what is the chest is sensory or moral? But perhaps refers to the immunities that God has revealed to Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and examined him against the evils of human nature and the mysteries of earthly life.

The death of a nation and Jeddah and ensure his aunt peace be upon him

Muhammad remained in the care of his mother and his grandfather until he was six years old. His mother went to visit her husband's grave in Yathrib, and she was able to die on her way back and bury her in the pits (on the road between Yathrib and Mecca). Then Muhammad becomes an orphan and his grandfather Abdulmutallab gives him great love. On the tenderness of his mother and the kindness of his father was placed to Abdul Muttalib mattress in the shadow of the Kaaba does not sit on one of his sons, but Mohammed was sitting with him and wipe his back with his hand, but fate did not allow his grandfather long died two years later, his uncle uncle Abu Talib loved him very much and take care of him carefully and care , And was not limited to protect him before the mission, but extended to the beyond was a help to the Islamic call and its appearance The owner even though he did not deliver.

Working peace be upon him grazing sheep

When Muhammad became a boy and became a boy wanted to work and eat from the work of his hand, he worked sheep herds for his uncles and others in return for a wage taken from them, and some go to the practice of grazing and leadership of sheep taught the Prophet peace be upon him and the care of Muslims and leadership of the nation after his mission and this is no exaggeration Many other pawns have not become pawns or politicians. Many pimps and politicians have known nothing about grazing. There is a great difference between animal and human policy, but it can be said that grazing was not done in the desert, where finite space, clear skies and glittering stars At night, the sun shines in the morning and e This wonderful system in the movement of the universe drew all this attention of Muhammad, he began to meditate and think and think in the wondrous universe.

His work peace be upon him trade

He went to trade with him in the twelfth of Umrah (and was said in the ninth) and took the opportunity of his uncle Abi Talib to trade to Syria and went out with him and on the way met by a Christian monk saw Muhammad signs of prophecy advised his uncle to return to Mecca fearing that the Roman know and kill him.

Although the historians mentioned the story of the monk Bahira but it is not easily believable, because Muhammad peace be upon him did not know that he was a prophet only after Gabriel told him in the cave, and all what the Jewish and Christian clerics know about the message Mohammedia time and not the person who owns it , And this journey benefited Muhammad a lot, and returned patience and bear the affliction and opened in kind to the people and communities are very different from his people and community, and passed on the way to go back on the ruins of cities known as the houses of Thamud and Medina and the valley villages and heard about their news a lot.

Mohammed did not stop trading after his return from the Levant, but he was trading in the markets of Mecca or markets nearby, such as the market of Okaz and Magna and the metaphor, but did not make the trade all his interest and enough to provide him with a balanced and happy life and the older he grew thinking and thought and spent much of his time This wondrous universe.

War of the ungodly

Mohammed Makkah participated in the defense of their city in the war of the ungodly between Quraish and Hawazin, which lasted four years was Omar Mohammed at the beginning of five years and the reason that Al-Nu'man bin al-Mundhir wanted to appoint a leader of a commercial convoy from the confusion to the market Okaz introduced both the linen and the hook of the same Huazani chose Nu'man Erwa and killed him And I heard Quraish, a Kenana news and realized that (Hawazin) tribe Erwa must retaliate for her man

The fighting took place between the two teams and was in the holy months and Quraish fell until the sanctuary entered their promise to balance the war in the next world and this war was renewed for four years in the Okaz market, and then ended in reconciliation between the two teams to pay Quraish blood more than its killers to the balance were twenty men and named This war is a war of the ungodly because it occurred in the holy months and is the fourth infidel in the history of Mecca

It is narrated that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "I was the noblest of my uncles." He said in another hadeeth:

It seems that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) practiced the two acts, and the war lasted for four years. The Prophet was fifteen years old at the beginning of the war. The throwing contributed all the nobility, and at the end was on the doors of the twenty-spring was able to contribute throw nobility.

The Curse of Curiosity

As Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, participated in the war, he also participated in the peace. He witnessed with them the alliance of curiosity. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) spoke after his mission. He said: "I saw with my family an alliance in Abdullah bin Jadaan's house. Blessings, even if called in Islam, I answered

The reason for this alliance is that Quresha saw what became its weakness and disintegration led to the Arab tribes attacking them and attacking them in their homes during the holy months, after the strong side was terrified and saw the fate of the war of the ungodly who killed its men and the destruction of its wealth. The demand calls for an alliance that combines the affairs of the Quraysh and unites its ranks, and all the stomachs of Quraish answered and they agreed not to find Mecca wronged by its people or by any other people,

The reason for calling it the Curse of Curiosity was that it was a revival of another former alliance in the Jaahiliyyah called for three names derived from the credit and called the alliance curiosity.

His marriage to Khadija

It seems that despite Muhammad's limited trade, he has gained great fame for his trust and a veritable balcony in his society. Many merchants of Mecca have therefore offered to work for them in their trade for a higher wage than his peers

Khadija bint Khuwailad, one of the most famous of Mecca and one of the largest traders hired men to trade with them in the markets of the Levant and Hamza for a fee, and when I heard about the fame of Muhammad hoped to be one of its men - and was at the age of twenty - five - and offered to go out in trade to Sham to pay him the wages of two men before Mohammed and went out in the trade with him and her father soft and bought and bought his business and more profitable than expected Khadija, and praised her servant to Mohammed a rectangular praise

And with a careful look at this journey it is clear that peace be upon him was not the first trip to Syria after his trip with his uncle Abi Talib, his experience of the road and routes leading to the Levant, as well as his experience in the way of sale and purchase by the people of the Levant, This gives us the right to say that Muhammad has made more than one trip to the Levant before Khadija's trip, in which he acquired all this experience and skill. Unfortunately, historical sources did not do much of this.

At that time, Khadija was widowed without a husband. Many of the supervisors of Makkah offered to marry her, but she did not accept them because they were thirsty for her wealth, but she heard about Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him. Near the qualities of more than I heard and did not light only the response of the party until the coup turned into a love that made her think of taking a husband, and soon the idea came into force and offered him marriage by one of her friends and agreed and married in accordance with the customs used in the marriage of honorable people of Mecca, Of the groom's parents show their son's desire to marry the bride Wes Wen dowry contained the bride's other sermon agreeing to the marriage and blessing

And married the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him Khadija gave birth to all his children except Ibrahim, it was Mariah Coptic and born to him of the male denominator and that was nicknamed Abdullah and is known as good and pure and said that the good and pure for two other sons but the first is the months as I was born to him female Zainab paper, Umm Kulthum and Fatima

It is known to historians that Muhammad peace be upon him married Khadija and Omrah twenty-five years and forty years of age, but Ibn Abbas is told that she married the Prophet and the age of twenty-eight was greater than the Prophet slightly, and this novel has the support of the history of the mother of the believers, She gave birth to Abdullah after the mission of the Prophet and therefore the title of good Tahir, and since the Prophet's mission after marriage with fifteen years of the story of the forty requires the age at the birth of more than fifty-five years, and how to have a woman at that age, so was narrated Ibn Abbas closer to health Unlike many historians If it is true that Yacoubi said that the Prophet married and had thirty years and tried to compare him with the novel of Ibn Abbas, it is not clear to us that the Prophet, peace be upon him, was the time of his marriage is greater than Khadija two years and in any case her marriage was blessed and very concordant found Mohammed in Khadija Sakana and a bond and companion and found Khadija Mohammed a husband Bara generous stood beside him support and support him, which he always commended the good and did not marry her throughout her life

Historians leap a long time span of ten years from the age of the Prophet from twenty-fifth to thirty-five, did not mention anything about him, although it is recognized that he did not stop interfering with the people of Mecca and taking with them the share of public life and helped him wealth of his wife to secure his life and then found time I think that this is the desire that has helped him to help her.

Building the Kaaba

The historians say that Muhammad peace be upon him and he was thirty-five people participated in the construction of the Kaaba has wanted Quraish to demolish the Kaaba and rebuild it again and divided the work between all its tribes was the door to the building of Manaf and Zahra and the back of the Kaaba of Lubna Jamah and built shares, and cut stone Lubna Abdul Dar And built a lion and the son of Uday, and between the black and Yamani pillar of Lubna Makhzoum and tribes of Quraish joined them

And Quraish prevailed in the demolition of the Kaaba because they feared that they would harm them from God, Vljd al-Walid al-Mughira and demolished some of them, and waited until the morning people to see what God is doing in the newborn when it became good, they came to destroy the Kaaba and then the tribes moved stones from the mountains of Mecca and participated in peace. These stones were taken and each group began to build what was assigned to it. When the building was raised, the height of a man came. The time came to put the black stone in a place where all the tribes fought their honor and the dispute became stronger. And they put their hands in it as a confirmation of Im Binging and then named Belagah blood and become Quraish on civil construction and stopped five days

In the opinion of the historians that the father of illiteracy bin Mughira was Quraish when he saw what reached the state of the tribes feared that the excess of their contract, he pointed to them to rule among them the first to enter them was Mohammed peace be upon him and said we satisfied the referee and told him the news of the dress and took the stone and put it and asked the tribal leaders to He took them all by one side of the reward, so they all lifted him up, even if he swallowed his place and put it in his hand and then built it as if I do not like to believe the novel. Or its slope, and there is no hope of its consequences Not that the novel appears like Muhammad does not know anything about this conflict and told him the news who carried with them stones and share building

But I believe that Quresha did not intensify the crisis and things reached the point of disagreement that had to be looking for a person to express the crisis and overcome the dispute is the sweetest of what distinguishes the mind and wisdom, not age and money, they do not benefit in this kind of crises did not find between the most intelligent and He was ruled by Muhammad (PBUH) and ruled over him. The former ruling. In any event, this solution was ideal. Despite its ease and ease, it was an ingenious genius for all the conflicting parties and making the tribes equal in honor of laying the stone and ending the conflict to peace and understanding. A serious problem that almost led to the people of Mecca

It is worth noting that the people of Mecca to Muhammad peace be upon him indicates that he was not a normal person in the community of Mecca, but was a great man to seek his opinion during the time of distress and his submission to this solution shows the rare intelligence and speed is surprising and also drew the attention of all Arabs Although the internal conflict between the tribes of Mecca, but the event was associated with the Kaaba to which all the Arabs

Thus, we find that Muhammad peace be upon him his people participated in their normal lives and lived in Mecca honorable honorable life and met all the qualities of humanity noble and reached the order of perfection and knew his people honest and faithful and the care of God Tklh and sponsored and protected from the fiefs of ignorance and distance away from the equal human beings and you some examples

He went as a small child to take care of the sheep to hear singing at a wedding, God beat his ear, he slept so sleep until morning and when he wanted to come back to the ball also sleep again is no longer like never

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "You saw me in the Quraysh boys moving stones to some of what the boys are playing, all of us have been stripped naked and taken to cover him on the neck with stones. I accept them and I do not know what to see." I have brought the stones on my neck and Azari on one of my companions, as well as the care and care of God, and I have taken him away from all that is wrong for his person.

And he was a great man with his people in carrying the stones to build the Kaaba, and the people were making them on their backs to protect them stones, peace be upon him and he is wearing a wrapper, he pointed to him Abbas to make him on his shoulders to protect him when they are to do the implication of what he saw then naked

And peace be upon him to go to the Kaaba and roam it, but never worshiped the idol and was a defect to the Quraish worship of stones do not benefit and do not harm and hold the ceremonies and sacrifice for sacrifices

Al-Quraish had an artist called Bouana who had celebrations every year. The uncles and the mummies of the Prophet participated in the celebration and Abu Talib asked Mohammed to share their ceremony with them. He refused to be angry with him and angered his aunt. By touching the devil, his aunt asked him what he said, that whenever I ran out of an idol, imagine me a white man clothes shouting at me go away, Mohammed did not succeed and did not return after a feast for them

This is why Mohammed was a fan of his people who was astray and loved since his youth the life of meditation and thinking and management was free for himself in his house sometimes and go out to the outside sometimes and the older the more distant from the people and the mind in thinking so I sought him a cave in Mount Herra and it is his habit to go out Each year with his food and drink to spend some of the days of the month of Ramadan in his thinking, drowning in his thinking and long reflections of Mohammed in the cave and thought of the Creator of the earth and the sky and lit himself from the length of the view and the work of the idea was crowded thoughts in the head Faiser in the desert hours and then return to his character has been characterized The same and unfolded his mind

Suddenly, when he reached the age of forty, he came down with the revelation.

                                                                                 *To be continued*