How are the memories created in the brain?

1. Our brain, comprising 86 billion neurons and 100 trillion synapse, is the most mysterious part of the body. The brain does not end up. Thinking, deciding, working with instructions to the body - In simple words, the brain of all human actions is the brain. Our brain receives a lot of information every time through the nerves and the idiots. Based on these information, he decides what to do or what needs to be done at this moment.

 

All this so much information but he can not save. He preserves certain and required information. All the information as a memory, as well as the different types of preservation. Some things are preserved in our subconscious and the rest of the life acts as reflex. Reflex means return action. For example, once you learn to ride bicycles and practice for some time, you will never forget. Or with a two-handle handle with long iron rod and a wheelchair with two wheels in front and behind, the 'bicycle' naturally came and jumped on our head. Some things like we do not forget all the lives, and some things we forget after a few moments. So, what does our brain calculate? Why does he keep some information in such a way, and why does he delete some information?

The simple questions are, how does our brain create memory? And he keeps these memories or how? How does he recognize or react to something from this memory?

2. There are three types of memories stored in our brain. Sensory memory, short term memory, and long-term memory.

Sensory memory

Every moment we want to see or hear what we hear, things that do not taste or taste, in simple words, any information coming in contact with our five senses goes from the nerve to the brain, in the brain. Information is coming, as well as understanding this, our brain is ready to store the information in the moment and stores most of the information. For a moment, looking for a little while or touching it or hearing something in the wrong way, how to see or hear the thing, is the power to remember it - this is the sensory memory. This is an automatic and unconscious process. That is, after seeing something or listening - that means, after coming to the brain, a memory will be stored in sensory memory and for how long a memory is stored in sensory memory, it does not depend on man's will.

Now, every time, many kinds of data are being collected in the brain of the human. Like someone who is eating tea to read a book. How can the brain recognize the memory of a particular experience?

This works by hippocampus (hippocampus). The medial temporal lobe on the side of the brain has a part called 'Hypocampus'. From every signal that comes in every moment, it identifies specific types of signals together as a specific experience. This hypocampus does not take any decision alone. Correlate with the cortex, she needs to know exactly which experiences are important, that is, remember and no need to remember.

Short-term memory 

It can keep the information up to a few seconds for any specific experience. This time is not right. It's roughly 15-30 seconds. Making a decision or making a decision is not a work of short-term memory. It only stores information from the sensory memory. Famous psychologist George A. Miller (George A. Miller) conducted several experiments, showing that short-term memory could hold information on seven different segments at the same time. The seven different things or divisions give it a name, Miller, Chunk. For example, to remember a phone number of eleven digits, it can be divided into three digits - four digits - four digits - in three categories. Later, it can be seen that short-term memory works, usually not divided into five. In this way, short-term memory can store information of a particular experience in several categories, from fifteen to thirty seconds.

Now it is necessary to talk about two things.

One. There is one thing to say about acoustic encoding. Acoustic means related to hearing. In fact, repeatedly recite something or find a rhythm and say it a bit loudly, it makes the short-term memory more lasting and helps to keep it easy to remember. For example, to break a phone number by three digits-four digits-four digits and say a few times loudly, it will be remembered for a little more than fifteen to thirty seconds.

Two Miller proposed that there is another memory similar to the short term memory, which is called working memory. Its work is to collect information that small-time memory stores, if you want this working memory, you can submit it to yourself and decide from it or implement any work. That is, working memory is a conscious process that a person can control themselves. Miller's proposal is initially considered to be under short-term memory, but many theories later show that working memory is largely part of long-term memory, because it acts as consciously as a long-term memory or decides on a matter.

Long-term memory 

Remember the hypocampus? Is it that many identifying similar signals as a specific experience? Another task of this is to coordinate with the cortex, to decide which experiences should be kept in mind and no need to remember. That decision he takes is correct, but those that need to be remembered, but he does not keep himself. He sent them short-term memories, mainly to the long-term memory.

There is no limit to the ability to store information or experiences such as sensory or short-term memory of these long-term memory. There is no problem with the long-term memory of the whole life if necessary, as long as it is necessary to keep the information stored, or if any information is required to be stored.

Semantic encoding using long-term memory to store information. That is, understand the meaning and keep it aside. From the above picture (Fig. 3), it seems that some of the best things to keep in mind for a long time are the cementic encoding.

In addition to cementic encoding, there are several other things that work behind long-term memory. For example, if you think of a memory repeatedly, the memorization of the membrane that is stored in the neurone is squeezed repeatedly. The more synergies will be shaken, the memory will be as strong. That is why, when you read something repeatedly or understand the meaning, we feel very much in it.

A very tragic question always seems to us. Why can not we forget anything we want to forget? This is the answer to this question. Every time we remember that remembering a memory, that memory is getting stronger. Therefore, it is not possible to forget something by trying to forget.

Again, after studying many experiments in a similar way, if the long-term memory is stored in a long-term memory, the synergies with the neurons do not get shaken, once the memory becomes blurred.

3. 

Well, the memory is made up and stored. But how does our brain recognize or respond to things by applying this memory?

The experiences we collect from this way can be divided into two groups. Implicit memory and exponential memory

Implicit memory

It is not necessary to think of such memories. Once they are learned and they are preserved in subconscious for a few days of practice. In most cases they have to do with the skills of muscle, ie hand-foot or any other organ. For example, learning to ride biking, swimming or playing piano. If they practice for a few days they are transformed into automatic process and for the next time, for example, after swimming, after swimming in the water, it is not necessary to swim consciously, but automatically starts moving in the hands.

Explicit memory

Such memories are consciously remembered. In our brain, such memories can be stored in step by step, as well as a specific place or any one or any other choice is kept in mind. In such a situation, remembering these specific or special things can be remembered by such memory. For example, the password, which we usually use to reference, we can remember it again and think of that reference.

There is also another thing, which is called Reconciliation. If you look at something or listen to something, then with the experience and information stored before the brain, the brain mixes the thing seen or heard at this moment, and as a result, we remember its name or identity or any other information. For example, seeing two handles with a long rod and two wheels in front and behind, we remember, its name is Bicycle. Or when you see a man, he remembers, his name is such and such.

Sometimes we forget that such information is stored in the brain. In that case, the information about the brain is covered, how old memories have come (where have you seen it - do not seem to be like that? Then suddenly remember, yes, in such a house!) Tried to find it and tried to think. Recall it, and in this way many memories of our old remembrance.

But if the memory remains completely blurred or if not enough, if the hypocampus does not store it in long term memory, then these experiences are lost from our memories.

In this way, our brain stores information and experiences and then decides or responds to it.