WAN Networking Technologies

There are two technology used in the WAN network designing.

Below are the classifications:

• Packet switching
• Circuit switching
• DWDM
• SDH
• TDM

Packet switching

The kind of switching includes atm, body relay, multi-protocol label switching (mpls) and ipv4 or ipv6.

Circuit switching

It's far the method of using a conversation networking system in which a dedicated communique channel is hooked up between the 2 speaking nodes during the verbal exchange procedure. The channel or circuit has been furnished with a dedicated bandwidth for the duration of the verbal exchange manner.

SDH & DWDM

SDH and DWDM technology use circuit switching for communique.
Recollect the instance of a software program trying out enterprise, having the r&d center in bangalore while the top office is in mumbai and branch offices in chennai, Hyderabad, and Pune respectively.

Now, both want of the corporation is to connect all of the workplaces with every different at the side of the head workplace in mumbai. The information center is also to be connected at once to the head workplace.
As all the trying out and improvement is carried out at the bangalore office, the hyperlink should be in protection and have to be dependable and relaxed. The size of the records exchanged among those links may be very massive in length and may be a completely large amount of records will drift at one time between these wan links.

Thus keeping some of these factors in mind, excessive bandwidth and excessive ability twin stm hyperlinks are suggested for connectivity between all the cities and r&d middle of the company. Of route, the optical fiber is used because the transmission media and we use stm links for connectivity over fiber.

Synchronous Shipping Module (stm):

21 e1s (2 mbps stream containing 30 voice/facts channels) are mixed to shape a vc (digital box). 3 numbers of vcs are combined to shape an stm-1 module containing sixty three e1s.

The stm hyperlinks are of various bandwidths. The simple one is stm-1 and it's far the primary stage of the synchronous digital hierarchy. It offers bandwidth of one hundred fifty five mbps. If we upload 4 stm-1 together, then it turns into stm-four which gives bandwidth of 622 mbps.

Similarly, four quantity of stm-four are combined to form stm-16 which occupies approximately 2.5 gbps bandwidth after which four range of stm-sixteen are mixed to form stm-64 which occupies approximately 10 gbps bandwidth.

These SDH systems are very sleek in layout and occupy even less than one-tenth of the distance eaten by using pdh systems. Additionally, the electricity requirement is remarkably quite much less right here.

If you want even extra bandwidth than this, then we should pass in for dwdm structures which come inside the form of 4 / 8 / 16 or 32 lambda configurations. Each lambda is capable of sporting any quantity of bandwidth starting from pdh or stm-1 to stm-64 relying upon complexity and cost that we're able to endure as in line with our need.

The dense wavelength division multiplexing (dwdm) is a multiplexing method combining some of information streams of different sizes i.e. optical provider alerts of various wavelengths (color or lambda) of laser light, onto a single optical fiber.

DWDM allows Bi-directional communication as well as multiplication of sign capability.