Artemis 2, the international program led by NASA, which has as its destination the moon, right now the moon, but the final objective is Mars and through it to create a lunar base, also an orbiting space station, and establish a stable permanence on the Moon as a center of scientific research and also as a center of natural resources for the future.
Artemis 2 would be the flight of the Orion ship with four crew members and the launch window will open on February 6, this flight will not land on the moon, but they will test all the systems of the Orion ship, and the entire launch system to find out if there will be this would be the Artemis 2 mission.
I don't have much hope that Artemis 2 will come out on February 6, because they are going to look at everything with a magnifying glass. There are a million things that have to go well and they are going to look at those million things, but there are critical voices that have warned about possible risks of the Artemis 2 mission and have warned that perhaps NASA is not looking in detail at those million things that have to go well.
The main criticism is related to the heat shield of the Orion ship of the mission that was sent in 2022 with two dolls and things, it was a mission to test the ship, but without a human crew, they sent it to orbit the Moon and return to Earth, it was to test everything; In this last case it will be trying everything, but now with humans inside, it is another advance.
Apparently, in the heat shield of the Orion ship, when it returned to Earth and suffered that re-entry where the ships reach high temperatures and that is why they carry a heat shield, this heat shield had erosion and cracks in more than 100 points of that shield. NASA, it's not stupid, identified the problem. They concluded that the problem was due to the accumulation of gases under the shield, apparently the lower layer of those under the shield became too hot and part of it was transformed into gas and when it came out it caused that type of erosion or that type of cracks.
NASA's solution has been not to redesign the shield to avoid this problem, the shield is the same as that of the Artemis 1 mission, but what they have decided is to adjust the re-entry trajectory into the Earth's atmosphere for the Artemis 2 mission, which is the manned one, so that it occurs at an angle that does not produce so much friction with the atmosphere and therefore does not produce such high temperatures. However, not everyone agrees with this story.
Among the most prominent critics is Dr. Charles Camarda, he was a NASA astronaut and an expert in heat shields, and very critical of any issue related to NASA, he has described NASA's approach as "crazy", crazy that instead of changing the design of the shield, make the ship enter more inclined. Apart from these ardent statements, he also publishes reports, data, that he is not just any critic, he is a specialist in heat shields, and he knows what he is talking about, in the end he may not be right, in the end that NASA approach may be correct, but if he has seen something bad, it means that there is something bad, obviously if you are making these criticisms it is because he wants it to be solved.
There are other criticisms about significant risks to the safety of the crew, there is the issue of life support and the batteries, some experts say that they may not be robust enough for a 10-day mission, because of course, the previous mission was to test the ship, but there were no humans inside and the humans for 10 days well, we breathe, we have to drink, we have to do things, and of course, for 10 days the ship has to endure all that and there are people who suspect that there could be problems.
There is also another criticism and that is that during the Apollo program, during the Apollo program the ship was sent, the ships were sent to lunar orbit without a crew as in the case of Artemis 1, but a ship with a crew was also sent, the Polo 7, but the Moon was not sent, the Earth orbit was sent and there they did the tests, the idea is that if something bad happens in Earth orbit you can quickly return to Earth, but if something bad happens to you when you are on the moon, things are much more complicated.
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