Successful demonstration of flying quantum channels

The transmission of the quantum key to an aircraft and movement marks the point at which the technology stops being experimental and begins to operate as a concrete basis for secure communications. The QuNet project demonstrates that quantum key distribution works beyond traditional optical fibers, reaching unstable mobile channels with consistent performance, an essential requirement for a future national quantum network.

The initiative is born from the growing pressure on conventional cryptography, now threatened by the advancement of computing technologies, the QKDG based on individual photons sensitive to any copying attempt emerges as a next-generation defense. The German Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space invests 125 million in the country's research institutions for a 4-year consortium.

The milestones show the progressive escalation of the technology; in 2021, a quantum-secure videoconference between federal agencies validates the initial practical application; in 2023, an improvised point-to-point connection in the open air extends the range; in 2024, personal data travels through Berlin's municipal fiber optic network, and in early 2025, quantum signals reach a DLR aircraft, confirming compatibility with mobile devices.

The final publication brings together all this evidence, presenting a unique system capable of integrating different protocols and link types, described by Dr. Matthias Goy as unprecedented. The most critical stage arises in mobility, as quantum signals degrade rapidly in turbulent air, but experiments with moving air columns use free-jet technology to enable stable transmissions.

The method enables temporary and mobile channels that are indispensable for regions without fiber optics or mobile operations that require secure communication. Its integration, combining fiber optics, free-space optical links, and future satellite nodes, depends on precise synchronization between hardware and software to maintain security.

By unifying these heterogeneous architectures, Germany is building not only a network, but also its own technological capacity in a field considered strategic. The next phase seeks to connect Berlin, Jena, Enlargen, and other points in a hybrid quantum network with fibers, free-space links, and optical ground stations prepared for satellite communication.

If the transition to scalable structures is successful, the country will lay the foundations for a sovereign infrastructure for government, industry, and critical sectors.

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