'Extreme ultraviolet', a new lithography technique for microchips/'Ultravioleta extrema', nueva técnica de litografía para microchips

in #science3 years ago


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By now I suppose you have all heard of "Moore's Law", for the laggards I will tell you that according to this law promulgated by the co-founder of Intel in 1965, the number of transistors contained in a microchip doubles every two years, this implies that the transistors have to reduce their size by half every two years.

A estas alturas supongo que ya todos habréis oído hablar de la "Ley de Moore", para los rezagados os diré que según esta ley promulgada por el co-fundador de Intel en 1965, el número de transistores contenidos en un microchip se duplica cada dos años, esto implica que los transistores han de reducir su tamaño a la mitad cada dos años.

Since 1965 it has been doubled a few times, an Intel Core i7 for example has about 700 million transistors inside, so it is increasingly necessary to have more precision when it comes to lithographing these transistors, the first stumbling block is that they can not lithograph transistors smaller than the wavelength of the light being applied, just as you cannot paint a realistic painting with a brush.

Desde 1965 se ha duplicado unas cuantas veces, un Intel Core i7 por ejemplo tiene unos 700 millones de transistores en su interior, por lo que cada vez hay que tener más precisión a la hora de litografiar estos transistores, el primer escollo es que no se puede litografiar transistores más pequeños que la longitud de onda de la luz que se aplica, del mismo modo que no se puede pintar un cuadro realista con una brocha.


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After decades of development, in recent times extreme ultra violet light (EUV), whose wavelength is gradually reduced, has been used to make transistors smaller and smaller, in fact the most advanced chips including those of mobile phones they are made with this technology.

Después de décadas de desarrollo, en los últimos tiempos se viene utilizando la luz ultra violeta extrema (UVE) cuya longitud de onda se va reduciendo paulatinamente para hacer los transistores cada vez más pequeños, de hecho los chips más avanzados incluidos los de los teléfonos móviles están fabricados con esta tecnología.

But now it seems that the Dutch company ASML that has been manufacturing these chips, has managed to make a spectacular leap in this reduction in the size of the wavelength of ultraviolet light, this will influence the size of the transistors and therefore of the microprocessors that will be smaller, more powerful and incredibly efficient.

Pero ahora parece que la compañía holandesa ASML que ha venido fabricando estos chips, ha conseguido dar un salto espectacular en esta reducción de tamaño de la longitud de onda de la luz ultra violeta, esto influirá en el tamaño de los transistores y por ende de los microprocesadores que serán más pequeños, más potentes e increíblemente eficientes.


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At the moment, only the ASML company is capable of achieving these results using a machine the size of a bus, made up of more than 100,000 pieces and kilometers of cables, all at a modest price of US $ 150 million, with this cost only the largest companies can have one of these machines so I guess this company will get very rich.

De momento solamente la compañía ASML es capaz de conseguir estos resultados utilizando una máquina del tamaño de un autobús, formada por más de 100.000 piezas y kilómetros de cables , todo ello al módico precio de US$ 150 millones, con este coste solo las compañías más potentes podrán hacerse con una de estas máquinas por lo que intuyo esta empresa se forrará.

In fact, it is such a politically strategic invention that the United States pressures the government of the Netherlands not to allow the export of this technology to China, which seems to me to be a nonsense because in this way China will end up developing its own EUV technology as they did with their space station or with the mobiles operating system.

De hecho es un invento tan políticamente estratégico que Estados Unidos presiona al gobierno de Holanda para que no permita la exportación de esta tecnología a China lo cual me parece una geriatrez puesto que de esta manera China acabará desarrollando su propia tecnología UVE como hizo con su estación espacial o con el S.O. de los móviles.

More information/Más información
https://interestingengineering.com/new-extreme-ultraviolet-microchip-machine-could-revive-moores-law

https://www.asml.com/en

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