Hello all steemians and science lover. Now I want to share one of simple ways how to make A Lung Props From The Bottle. The objectives of the experiment to be carried out are:

Source

1. Demonstrate breathing process in humans with respiratory model system.
2. Learn the organs of constituent respiratory system and respiratory mechanism in humans.
3. Observe the inspiratory and expiratory mechanisms in human respiration.

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Theoretical Basis

The process of taking air into the body is called inspiration or inhale. The expulsion of air from within the body is called expiration or exhaling. There are two kinds of mechanisms of respiration, namely chest and abdominal respiratory respiration.

Chest breathing occurs because of the movement of the ribs by the intercostal muscles. Abdominal breathing occurs due to diaphragmatic muscle movements (bulkhead cavities restricting the chest cavity and abdominal cavity).

Breathing is one of the characteristics and activities of living things. The term breathing is often equated with the term respiration although the term is literally different. Breath (breathing) means breathing air from the outside environment into the body and remove the remaining air from within the body outside the environment.

While respiration (respiration) means a process of combustion (oxidation) of organic compounds (foodstuff) in the cell to obtain energy. Breathing is the process of taking O₂ for biological oxidation, the expulsion of H₂O and CO₂, and the energy formation that takes place inside the cell.

In vertebrates, including human respiration occurs through the respirator. Breathing takes two stages:

1. External breathing (outer breathing), is the diffusion of gas from outside into the bloodstream O₂ exchange of blood).
2. Internal breathing (deep breathing), is the diffusion of gas or the exchange of gas from the blood to the cells of the body.

Respiratory mechanisms are differentiated into two kinds, namely chest and abdominal respiratory respiration:

1. Breathing Chest is a breathing that involves the muscles between the ribs. The mechanism can be distinguished as follows:

a. Phase of inspiration: This phase of the muscle berkontraksinya between the ribs so that the chest cavity enlarged, consequently the pressure in the chest cavity becomes smaller than the pressure outside so that oxygen-rich outside air entering.
b. Expiratory phase: This phase is the phase of relaxation or the return of muscles between the ribs to the original position followed by the decline of the ribs so that the chest cavity becomes small. As a result, the pressure inside the chest becomes larger than the outside pressure, so the air in the chest cavity is rich in carbon dioxide out.

2. Abdominal breathing is a respiratory mechanism that involves the activities of the diaphragm muscles that restrict the abdominal cavity and chest cavity. The mechanism of respiratory stomach can be divided into two stages namely as follows:

a. Inspiration
When the diaphragm to contract so horizontally, then the chest cavity enlarged. This situation causes the air pressure in the lungs to shrink so that the outside air comes in.
b. Expiration
When the diaphragm muscles relax, the chest cavity shrinks. As a result the pressure in the lungs enlarges so the air out.

Tools and Materials :

1. Used bottle (minimum size 1.5 liter)
2. Balloon 2 pieces
3. Used Bolpoints
4. Rubber band and isolative
5. Solder and scissors / cutter

Ways of Making :

1. After all material is available hole the bottle cap with solder.
2. Remove top and bottom caps, then insert into the bottle cap that has been given a hole.
   
3. Tie one balloon to a ballpoint pen inside the bottle cap.
4. Take the used bottle and then cut the bottom.
5. Cover the bottom of the cut bottle with prepared balloons.
   
6. Glue with the insulation on the balloon used to close the bottle to be strong.
7. The props are ready to use.

How To Use :

1. Bottle we perceive as human body.
2. Bolpoint as the windpipe.
3. Balloon on ballpoint pens as lungs.
   
4. When the balloon on the bottle bottom is pulled down, the lung balloon will expand, it is as if we breathe by developing the stomach followed by the entry of air into the lungs.
   
5. In addition we can also use by pressing / squeezing the bottle to be followed pengempesnya balloon lung, is analogous as narrowed the ribs when we breathe and followed the release of air from the lungs.

Discussion

When the balloon is withdrawn, the balloon inside the bottle is inflated because it is filled with air, this is due to the air pressure inside the bottle is reduced while the air pressure outside the bottle (free air) that remains larger so that the air outside the bottle will flow into the balloon in a bottle which is likened to the lungs.

This process is called the inspiration process.
The state of the balloon in the bottle when the rubber membrane is restored is deflated, this is because the pressure in the bottle is larger and the outside air pressure decreases or decreases so that the air in the balloon in the bottle emits air which makes it deflated. This is called the expiratory process.

Conclusion

Based on observations about how the lungs work in a practicum that has been implemented using lung models that have been made it can be concluded that when the balloon is pulled down the balloon is in a bottle bubbled because filled with air, such a process is called the process of inspiration. Whereas when the lower balloon is released kekeadaan balloons in the deflated bottle, which is called the process of expiration process.

Thus, in the human respiratory system, there is an inspiratory and expiratory process of breathing air from free air to enter the body or lungs, and releasing waste gas into free air. Air-breathing is known for inspiration, while expenditure is known as expiration.

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Sources :

Respiratory Mechanism

How does the air travel through the respiratory system?

Respiratory system

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