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RE: Atheism?
I would counter that the evidence above is perfectly legit, an atheist has to give a valid explanation how the indescribably overwhelming odds against everything coming together without a creator and I have yet to have seen one.
No, not really. An atheist has to give a valid explanation for why he don't believe in Visnu, Thor, JHWH and the other gods. Which is probably the same exact explanation that many theist will give when asked why they believe in one god and not in another. Any theist is atheist for all the hundreds of gods he don't believe in, an atheist just goes one god further. The explanation you ask is more a thing that you can ask to a theoretical physicist. As for the creator, you may have good reason to believe in it when you'll se one. But in hundreds of thousands years of human evolution and in several thousands of human history, despite many said to have seen, talked or have a personal relationship with many different gods, nobody has been able to prove it, so it's hard to believe in what they say.
A theist is one who believes there had to have been a creator for it all, has nothing to do with whether a particular god exists. The impossibly astronomical odds is not something that can be simply dismissed by throwing it to a physicist, it is the stark reality understood by every scientist that they accept in blind faith as being true, and more than enough reason to consider atheism erroneous if the mind is kept a touch open in my opinion.
So you're saying that a caotic universe like our have less chances to occur by itself than a sentient all-powerful being. That needs MUCH more faith in my opinion. The "impossibly astronomical odds" are a myth. These odds are rare in our universe, but before our universe started existing we really don't know if these odds were high or low. And since our universe exists, we can easily say that it's existence is not impossible. As for the theist definition you're right, still, without convincing proofs that a creator exist, why should one believe in it?
Carl Sagan among others will disagree with you about the astronomical odds, he clearly talked about it.. it is also common knowledge that our solar system needs to be astronomically virtual impossible odds fine tuned for life to be able to exist on Earth.. no myths here sorry disagree.. you believe everything could have somehow created itself out of nothing, a scientific impossibility, and than somehow by pure chance organize things to create the utter complexity that is the human body.. that's beyond fairy tale stuff IMO, simply not understanding how a sentient Being who is beyond space time and matter does not nullify his possible existence, in fact Quantum brings that possibility more into view.. I think the evidence against pure chance is plenty of evidence for the only other possible explanation.
I LOVE Carl Sagan and I agree with him (and with most scientist): in a FINITE timespan, it would be quite impossible to have all the laws of physics work as we see now in our universe. The fact is that when time doesn't exists (so, BEFORE an universe is born) the odds are infinite and in fact you will agree with me that an universe exists, so it could not be IMPOSSIBLE to it for exist. I don't believe that anything could be created from nothing, I simply stop before that assumption, saying that I don't know what was there before our universe, while you assume, and tell me if I'm wrong, that an intelligent being (which is something more complex that an universe) suddenly came out from nothing and created an universe. The complexity of a humen body (actually, even the complexity of a virus) emerged by evolution and natural selection (and that's an observed fact, not an opinion), so no need for a god there. I've never said that that sentieng being you talk about doesn't exists, I'm just saying that there are NO evidences about it's existence, and that's why atheists don't believe in any of the gods invented by humans, just for a lack of evidences. I don't understand what you say about "Quantum". Maybe you're referring to quantum physics? If so, that's very interesting, because quantum physics, for what science understand so far, could be used to explain how universes are born from a so called "quantum foam" (you may learn more about this hypotesis on books like "A Universe From Nothing", by Lawrence M. Krauss). But tell me more about how what the Quantum you're talking about brings into the possibility the existence of one or many gods, I'm sincerely interested. What are the "evidence against pure chance" you talk about? And what are the "evidence in favor of a sentient being born out of nothing and creator of our universe", because I really can't find one (but I may be blind, feel free to help me finding that evidence!). Have a great day and sorry for replying you so late, It was a very busy week :)