Biography of the Prophet Muhammad / السيرة النبوية الشريفة Part 02
Migration
Preface
The historians differ from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) when it was revealed to him whether forty or three and forty had differed on the day the revelation came: the seventh, eighteenth or twenty-fourth. They differed as to how the Prophet received the revelation. Was he awake or in a dream? ? But it is true that the revelation came on the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him on the seventh Monday of Ramadan for the thirteenth year before the migration or forty-one of his birth and be exactly forty years Lunar and six months and eight days and about 39 solar years and three months and eight days and the sixth From August 160 AD
Gabriel went down to the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) in the cave of Hira
He said: What I am reader
The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "Cover me until the effort reaches me and then send me."
He said: I read
I said: I am a reader
He said: "I read in the name of your Lord, who created the creation of man from a grave." Read and your Lord, the Most Gracious, who taught the pen. * The science of man, unless he knows. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) came back to his wife and said to his wife Khadija. He said to Khadija after he told her the news: "I was afraid of myself." Khadija said, "No, God does not make you afraid. You never reach the uterus, and you bear all, you gain the wrong,
Khadija started until the paper came Ben Nofal bin Asad Abdul-Uzzi was the uncle Khadija was a woman has been victorious in ignorance and was a senior Sheikh has blinded, she said to him, son of uncle hear from your brother said to him paper, my nephew, what do you see? The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) told him what he saw, and he said to him: "This is the law of this law (ie, Jibreel or Revelation) that came down on Moses. Yalitni was a strong young man. They said: Yes, a man never came like I did not come back, but if I knew your day, I saw you triumphant victory, and then the paper did not soon die and the revelation period
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: "As I walked as I heard a voice from heaven, I lifted my eyes, and then the king who came to me came to me. Bahra sitting on a chair between heaven and earth I was terrified of him, so I said: "My colleagues, my colleagues, then I sent down God Almighty: O you masseur." Then he warned to say:
The professionals tried to question Islam to falsify the truth of the divine revelation and say that it is an advanced stage of the psychological purity of Muhammad peace be upon him in the sense that Muhammad thought and extended his thought until he formed a doctrine that sees it capable of eliminating paganism, called people to them and they want to question the Muslims in the truth of their religion And that what brought by Muhammad is not of his Lord but of himself, and they succeeded in that destroyed the Islamic faith and this is all they hope and in an attempt to respond to these, says Dr. al-Bouti
Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was surprised at the cave of Hira in Jabril in front of him, seeing him with a sample, and he says to him reading, until it becomes clear that the phenomenon of revelation is not internal self-referential to the talk of the abstract soul, but is the reception and reception of an external reality that has nothing to do with the self and within the self. The king sent him three times saying, each time: reading is an affirmation of this external acceptance and exaggeration in what might be imagined that it is not merely an internal fantasy
And the fear and horror of what he heard and even saw that he cut his cell in the laurel and faster return to the house Vvdh indicating that the appearance of this revelation did not come in harmony or complementary to anything that might be perceived or think of him, but there was a dramatic trip to his life and surprised without any Previous expectation
Then, a state of inspiration, self-talk, spiritual supervision, or transcendental reflection does not require fear, horror, or color. There is no correlation between staging and contemplation on the one hand and the surprise of fear and terror on the other. Otherwise, the general thinkers and meditators will live in fear of successive horrors and sudden fear.
God Almighty was able to connect to the heart of His Messenger and reassure himself that this word is not only Gabriel: a king of the angels of God came to tell him that he is the Messenger of God to the people - but the divine wisdom brilliant want to show the complete separation between the personality of Muhammad peace be upon him Before the mission and his personality after it and the statement that some of the pillars of Islamic faith and Islamic legislation did not cook in the mind of the Prophet peace be upon him in advance did not imagine calling him in advance
The divine wisdom has ruled that the king, who saw him for the first time in the cave of Hira for a long time, will be ashamed of him and that he will be worried about it, and then his anxiety will turn to fear in himself that God Almighty has conquered him after he wanted to honor him with revelation and message. Issued from him until I narrowed the minimum and began to talk himself whenever he reached the peak of the mountain to be thrown out !! Until one day saw the king who saw him in Hira filled his form between heaven and earth. He says: O Muhammad, you are the Messenger of Allah to the people, and he returned again, and he was terrified and frightened to the house. The beginning of the revelation, as stated in the hadeeth of the correct Hadith, involves the destruction of everything that the skeptics try to deceive the people in the matter of revelation and prophecy which Allah has honored by Muhammad, peace and prayer. If you realize how great divine wisdom is to be the beginning of revelation, And most probably after that professionals returned questioning, they ask NS: So why would the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) descend upon him after that, and he was among many of his companions, so the king would not see any of them else?
The secret call - the individual
After he came down saying: O you Mdthr * Vnath started the Messenger of God secretly invite everyone who documented the worship of God and was the first of the Muslim women, his wife Khadija, who stood next to him and believed in his magnificence and love of the people and was the first of the Muslim boys Ibn Abi Talib, and among the loyal Zaid bin Haritha, and men Abu Bakr, who said the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him (what I called someone to Islam was only a stalemate Abi Bakr) and began Abu Bakr calls who trusted him to Islam Vslam on His hands are many free and slaves, including Uthman ibn Affan, Zubayr ibn al-Awam, Abd al-Rahman ibn Auf, Sa'ad ibn A And Muslims began to enter individuals in the religion of God and many historians say that Islam at its inception attracted only slaves and the poor and those who have no interest in Quraysh
As for the slaves of the list of Ibn Hisham, which came in ten pages and included the names of Muslims in the secret invitation can not find but ten of the loyalists and allies of the fifty-three people, either that they are poor and no matter in Quraish Vdk some names of the former in Islam, And judging you for how much they had the influence and wealth of Fahdija Bint Khuwailid, may God be pleased with her first of the safest ever had her money and trade, which makes it compete the largest trade Quraish and enough to be named to show the wealth of wealth
And Abu Bakr was the first men Islam and was the owner of a large trade and money was many of the heads of Quraish in the ignorance and the people of advice and was the command of the debts and fines in ignorance and what is spent in that regard was Quraish work and implement it, and reached capital in the ignorance of forty thousand dirhams spent all In the removal of the necks of Muslim slaves
As for Othman bin Affan was more Quraish money and the largest trade and his trade to Syria carrying over a hundred Baer was the mandate of the orphans of the people of his house and the aid of their poor and God bless him in his money was equipped in Islam a full army at his own expense is the army of Asra
Talha bin Obaid Allah was in the trade of money and money and many of his trade was exported to the markets of the Levant and Iraq and the former to Islam also Zubair bin Awam, and Saad bin Abi Waqas - Abu Obaidah bin surgeon Abu Salamah Makhzoumi and Arqam bin Abi Arqam and Saib Al Roumi and Khalid bin Said and Sulait Ben Omar, Abi Abi Waqas and many others were in great wealth or at least were living a decent life in their community, and these historians died to understand the nature of the Islamic call that if the passion of the heart attached to the owner there is no difference between rich and poor or free and slave and the former were receiving the teachings of their religion A secret from their prophet and if they want to practice a rite They went out to the reefs of Mecca and sold out of the eyes of Quraysh, and as the number of them chose to Messenger of God Dar al-Arqam Ibn Arqam to meet them
The secret invitation lasted for about three years, according to Ibn Hisham's account, fifty-three people, including ten women
It is good to see the Muslims in this period that Islam Hamza bin Abdul Muttalib uncle of the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him was the most precious boy in the Quraysh and most of them Shikima and the title of the lion of Quraish returned days of hunting knew that Abu Jahl objected to his nephew Mohammed and insulted and insulted and insulted his religion, He said to them: "Call Abu Amara (meaning Hamza), so I and God has caused his nephew Spa ugly, and he said to them: Hamzah hurried to the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him and said: I certify that you are sincere, show my nephew Dink Vu God I do not like what I keep Islam was the best of the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him as Quraish knew that Muhammad had Azzah and abstained Islam Hamza and they stopped Sabha, and was Hamza whom God bestowed on them.
Public advocacy
The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) began to declare his call after he came down to him. He said: "He warned your closest clan." And lower your wing to those who follow you from the believers. Praise be to Allaah. Praise be to Allaah. Praise be to Allaah. I seek refuge in him. I trust him and trust him. I testify that there is no god except Allaah alone. He has no partner. He then said: The pioneer does not lie to his family. Allah is the one who has no god except He. I am the Messenger of Allah to you. As you wake up and clench NS On the separation of Dean Abdul Muttalib said Abu Lahab: This and God the worst, take on his hands before taking others said Abu Talib: to prevent him what we stayed
Then the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) called for Quraysh and went up to al-Safa and chanted: "O Sabahah!" Quraysh said, "This is the one who chants." They said: "Muhammad, they gathered together." He said: Yabni Abdul Muttalib Yabni Abdul Manaf Yabni Qusay then called Quraish Tribe tribe until he came to the last of them and gathered to him said: I see you if I told you that horses on the mountain this mountain you are certified? They said: What we have tried to lie to you. He said: I am a harbinger of you in the hands of severe torment. Abu Lahab said: "Damn you what brought us to this and then went out Vszl says: the hand of my father flame and repent to another Sura
The Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) did not hesitate to inform him of his invitation. He called upon her day and night secretly and openly, following Quraish in their clubs, gatherings, forums and during their Hajj seasons. He called everyone who was free to him or a weak slave or strong rich or poor.
Quraish position of the call
The Quraish position of the Islamic call and its owner at the beginning of the matter was a mockery and ridicule. If the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) passed by or saw him praying at the Kaaba, they would mumble and laugh and mock him, but they did not go beyond that to actual abuse. As a call from his predecessor, such as "Umayya ibn Abi Salat", "and cut the son of his help" quickly ends and disappear and as long as he is not exposed to their gods there is no fear of him
But the companions of Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, began to grow day after day, and the verses that challenged the idols of the "Quraish goddesses" came down. And the Qirisha that they worship gods that do not hear and do not see and do not benefit and do not harm, and the forgiveness of their minds that do not see the truth of the misguidance and darkness of the light ".. Here began the actual abuse of Quraysh of Muhammad peace be upon him and the followers of Muslims and recommended each other Bnkaya them to For their religion, Abu Talib protected Muhammad peace be upon him and provided him against Quraish
Quraish found that she can not get Muhammad peace be upon him with great harm as long as he enjoys the protection of his uncle Abi Talib and then gathered their order to speak to the father of a student in which he went to a delegation of their supervisors asking him - especially as for their religion - (Peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) forbade them from insulting their gods and the defect of their religion, and forgiving their dreams and the misguidance of their fathers, or leaving Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) to do what they wanted. Abu Talib answered them beautifully, but they found that this interview did not benefit them. Did not stop to challenge their gods, and the defect in their parents and Abu Talib covered by protection and provide him, they went to him once And they told him that they are not able to insult their parents and stabbed their gods and good between two things, either to prevent his nephew from calling him or to declare war on him and his nephew so that one of the two teams would be killed, and Abu Talib was injured and he was severely injured between two things, Quresha Tsuam Muhammad peace be upon him the punishment, or to participate with them in the war is not safe consequences, so called Muhammad peace be upon him and tell him what Quraysh said, and said to him: "Keep yourself and Ali do not carry me what I can not hold" The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said that his uncle had given up his promise, and the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: The sun in my right hand and the moon in my left hand to leave this matter until God shows it or destroys what I have left. "The Messenger of Allah came out weeping and said to Abu Talib:" Go, my nephew, say what I love, I do not give you anything you hate.
Quraish saw that the experience of another means with the father of a student to benefit, they chose the strongest young Quraysh and the most beautiful and hair, which is his son ibn al-Walid, and went to the father of a student to hand him to take a child in exchange for Muhammad to deliver them to kill him said Abu Talib: I will give you my son to kill him, and this God will never be
When he saw that Abu Talib called Bani Hashim and built the demand to protect the Prophet peace be upon him and his victory and prevent him from the Quraysh, all of them answered their Muslim and kaafir but a flame father It is overly jealous and misleading
Quraish saw that the experience of another method to succeed, but this time will not be with the father of a student, but with the same call Muhammad peace be upon him and the style of the trick and the temptation of money and anger, they sent to him bin Rabia bin said to negotiate with him, "If you want this matter We have collected for you from our money so that most of us are money, and if you want to honor it, then we should not cut off a dunk, even though you want it to belong to your kingdom over us, even though this one who comes to you can see it and can not repay it. Nbrek when he finished the threshold of the student of the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him to listen to him read it * The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: I heard Abu al-Walid, he said, I heard. He said: You and that
Then he went back to his companions and said to each other: Abu Walid came without the face that he went, they asked him behind you, he said he heard what he heard like never, he is not a poet or a priest or a magician, and asked them to go between them and Mohammed and leave him for him, The Arabs have provided them with evil, and to show them they will be the happiest Arabs by their king and Azzah Azzam said Quraish: I have magic Mohammed and God, Abu Al-Walid said: This is my opinion, do what you want.
The Quraish found that the temptation of money and wealth did not find anything with Muhammad, peace and blessings be upon him, and that his call continued in the way of spreading and spreading, so they approached him with another method and they called him miracles until they believed him. They met at the Kaaba and sent him and asked him to ask his Lord to release them. Mecca, and to blow them in rivers such as the rivers of Syria and Iraq, and that Yahya their parents, including Qusay bin Kallab even ask him whether it was true or false, he did so believe him and knew that the Messenger of Allah to them, the Prophet said to them, peace be upon him: what is this I sent, but I brought you from God by what He sent me, so accept Him is your luck in this world And asked him to ask his Lord things for himself, to send a king to believe what he says, and to make him Jnana and short and treasures of gold and silver, it is in the market and seek pension as they do, the Messenger of God said to them Peace be upon him: What am I active, what I am who asks this Lord and I sent you this, but God sent me a harbinger and a sigh, accept what I brought you is your luck in this world and the Hereafter and respond to me patiently to the order of God until the judge between me and you
And the Quraish in its request for these miracles of the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him what was to believe in his message if it was achieved, but would persist in the Ghia and stubbornness, as the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him was merciful to them, he knows that a year before him of the Apostles if they asked God asked them to make them Safa gold until they believe, he said: And do, they said: Yes, and called his Lord Jibril came to him: He said: Your Lord read you Peace and say to you that if you like to become Safa gold, it is disbelieving them then I will torture him punishment I do not torture him one of the worlds, and nothing The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to them: "If you realize that we have brought down the angels to them and spoke to them the dead, and we have put them all before, they would not have believed except that Allah wills but most of them. Ignorant, and say, and prevented us to send verses but lied to the elders and our Thyme Thyme Bmzara wronged by what we send verses but T Khoeifa The news of the Islamic call began to go beyond the borders of Mecca and seep into some countries nearby. Quraish saw that he was near the date of Hajj and the meeting of people from the rest of the country to Mecca. They have a word to say to them in the command of Muhammad peace be upon him and his call, and agreed to tell them that And came to differentiate between the son and his father and between the husband and his wife, aiming to divert people from the call of Muhammad peace be upon him, but this article was contrary to what they wanted to alert the minds in the other countries of the peninsula to the call Muhammadiyah, and taking people in these countries, About the new brown and about the fact called E thus spread mentioned in the rest of the Arab countries in terms of Quraish wanted and withheld siege.
Persecution and torture
Quraish found that its peaceful negotiations with the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him did not find stopped waiting for the Islamic call and Muslims, and despite the protection of Bani Hashim of the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him, but he did not deliver from them, was Abu Lahab dumped virgin - the waste of lice and animal - and bent on his door And Aqba Ibn Abi Mu'ayyat suffocates him with a severe suffocation. He is standing praying and throwing a camel on his back - the placenta that embarrasses the newborn when he is born - and he prostrates
This is how Abu Bakr, may Allah have mercy on him, met him in the mosque, and they beat him with their feet and beat him with their slippers severely on the face until he covered with blood and then they beat him on the stomach so hard that he lost it. His consciousness came and his tribe fluttered in a dress and everyone thought he died from the cruelty of beatings
And Uthman bin Affan, may Allah be pleased with him, knows his uncle Islam and ordered him to leave Islam or torment him to death until he refused Osman, but Islam, he held him in a dark room and bound with chains of iron and forbidden food and drink
And Talha ibn Ubayd may Allah be pleased with him know his Islam Nawfal bin Khuwaylid Vishd Taqah in the rope and pull him on the roads of Mecca and go to the house of Abu Bakr Vqrnh with Talha in a rope and roam them in the roads of Mecca ridicules them boys and slaves and from the day called Abu Bakr and Talha Balqrinin
Al-Zubayr ibn al-'Uwam (may Allaah be pleased with him) heard his uncle say that if he did not return to his first religion, he would burn him, but al-Zubair only refused Islam and surrendered to the torment of his uncle. He held him in a dark room and tightened his bond and smoked on him until he filled the room with smoke and narrowed Zubayr's breath. God and refused to turn back from his religion and his uncle's punishment
However, the abuse of Quraish to the oppressed and the slaves was undoubtedly more severe than harming their children, and they were beaten and stripped of their humanity in torture. Their hearts were like stones or even more severe, because Bilal ibn Rabah, may Allah be pleased with him, deprived food and drink and stripped his clothes in the hotest hours of the day. If a piece of meat is placed on top of it to mature, then a great rock will be placed on its chest, and a illiterate lady will say to him that he will remain like this or disbelieve in Muhammad.
And all the Yasser (Ammar and his wife and their son Yaser) may Allah be pleased with them destroy their home and burn and put the shackles in their hands and legs and hit whips and when the fires of the desert come out to come bounded, and snorkel to daggers to force them to run on this searing sand and falling from exhaustion and laughing polytheists cynics and Abu Jahl The torture of them was to protect the iron in the fire and the South and the emergence of their backs and then fill a basin of water and drown them after burning with fire and hesitate between burning and drowning throughout the day and passed them the Messenger of Allah and peace be upon him and they are in this case, he said to them, "Sabra Al-Yasser Abashroa your appointment Paradise,Sumaya was the spear of Abu Jahl and was the first martyr in Islam, while Yasser died under torture
And Khubab ibn Art was pleased with him was a mourning when he learned his lady (or Anmar) Islam was linking him in a pillar of the house and ignite the corr and protect the iron and stripped of the clothes of Khbab and cover with fire again and again until he was blinded by torture and wait until he woke up and then return torture, Models of what all Muslims were subjected to torture and persecution.
Immigration to Abyssinia
In the face of torture and persecution and the inability of Muslims to protect themselves, the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) referred to them to migrate to Abyssinia, saying to them: "If you go out to the land of Abyssinia, then there is a king in whom there is no injustice. Sedition and flight to God religion was the first migration in Islam
The migration to Abyssinia twice on the first time in Rajab of the fifth year of the mission and returned in Shawwal of the same year was the number of Muslim emigrated 11 men and 4 women on the novel and ten men and three women to another novel came out of Mecca infiltrators, including the passenger, To a small port on the shore of the Red Sea is the port of Shaibah and God prepared for the Muslims ships to the merchants took off at the time of arrival and carried them with them to the land of Abyssinia half dinars and Quraish came in their wake until they came to the sea did not recognize them no one
Abyssinia was not strange to the people of Mecca and they traded with it and the markets glitter in the eyes of traders Makin attracted to it and earned huge profits and the people of Mecca in the people of Abyssinia special sanctification in the eyes of "Ahl Allah" who enjoy divine protection, and still in their minds the elephant incident and how The Divine Providence had its effect in defeating Abraha's army and rescuing Makkah and the Holy House of God from the danger of Abraha's army, as well as the Ethiopians condemning Christianity, which is a heavenly religion based on Tawheed for these and other reasons.
The Muslims received good treatment from the Ahbash but they did not stay for more than three months after they returned to Mecca when they came to their work Quraish abstained from the torture of Muslims and fascinated them, but found Quresha has continued in torture and persecution, some of them returned to Abyssinia with other Muslims, Ethiopia
Muslims did not come out in the second time to Abyssinia at once, but in successive batches intensified during the siege of Quraysh and their boycott of the Prophet and Bani Hashim in Abu Abi Talib and completed the number of Muslims in this time, eighty-two in most novels, but the checker in the list of Ibn Hisham finds that the number of Muslims in Abyssinia There were 78 men, 17 women and 8 children. The number of emigrants was 103, headed by Jaafar ibn Abi Talib
And the browser of the names of the tribes that emigrated from Muslims find that Islam has spread among all the tribes of Mecca built Hashim, including a man and a woman and his mother and three men and 3 women, and built the lion Ben Abdul Azi, men and women and sons of Hail 4 men and sons Tamim two men and a woman and built 8 men and a woman and built a group of 7 men and 3 women And 5 boys and sons of 14 men and sons of Ali 4 men and a woman and a boy and Bani Amer and 8 men and 3 women and Bani Harith 8 men
The Muslims lived in Abyssinia to the best of what they should and worked in agriculture, trade and industry, and walked in their lives and treated them good behavior and respected the laws of the country and its people loved by the Habash and treat them with a decent treatment good, and Akram Najashi king of the country and declared their protection and declared the rituals of their religion do not fear torture or persecution
As for Quraish, Muslims did not leave in Abyssinia, and did not leave them with security and stability, so they sent to Najashi Amr ibn al-Aas and Abdullah bin Rabia and carried many gifts with them to Najashi and his Patriarch. They said to al-Najashi: "He has resorted to your country as foolish young men who did not enter your religion. We have sent you the supervision of their people to return them to them higher understanding of their eyes and know what they were going through but Nagashi father to return them to hear their words when he heard them about the order of their religion and their prophet asked them to read some of the Koran read by Jaafar bin Abi Talib Sada from Maryam Gachet said: That which came by Jesus to come out of one niche Fu God never gave them
And Omar ibn al-Aas narrated to al-Najashi that he should fast them. He said to him: They insult Jesus, the son of Mary, and say a great word to them, so he sent them and asked them about what they said. Jaafar replied: It is the servant of Allah and his messenger and his spirit and his word to the virgin Mary. Then he said: By God except Eissa, the son of Mary, I did not say this oud. Go, you are safe in my land from your sabbaths. They replied to them ('Amr and' Abd Allah). This is what I need, and so the delegation of Makkah returned from Abyssinia and Muslims enjoyed security, Their religion is in complete freedom
The Muslims remained in love until the seventh year of migration and the Messenger sent them to carry them, and returned and God has opened to the Muslims Khyber said the Messenger of Allah peace be upon him, "God I do not know which I captured, the opening of Khaybar or the arrival of Jaafar," but it seems that Muslims have begun In return since the migration and stability of Muslims in the city because of the return with Jaafar was only 16 men.