SLC21/WK6: Electricity bill and Electrical Cable, Circuit Breaker size Calculation.

It is another adventurous week with the Steemit learning challenge. I am happy to have you here in my blog. I will be putting all my energy into this homework task. I have read between the lines, following my teacher's direction and guidance.

A

Three key differences between XLPE and PVC cables.

XLPE cable	PVC cables
Made with better materials, XLPE cables are more costly	PVC cables are of lesser quality making them less costly.
With this type of cable, you can transmit 33kV to 500kV even underwater	A PVC cable can only transmit 11kV at its maximum capacity.
can function effectively in hostile environments that are very hot or corrosive	can be easily damaged by corrosive chemicals and heat up to 70°C

Three key differences between single-core, two-core, and three-core cables

Single-core cables	Two-core cables	Three-core cables
This type of cable had only one conductor inside it	The two-core cable is a cable that has two independent conductors inside it.	This cable has three independent conductors for live, neutral, and earth.
Single cores are used in the transmission of high voltage as thunder arrestor cables.	They are appropriate for low-voltage unearthed appliances like table lamps and televisions.	Ideal for appliances that need grounding for proper functioning and prevention of electric shock.
they are often easy to install because it is just one wire	the level of complications is higher compared to single core	it is most complex because you must track the three cables correctly

Write about peak and off-peak hours in your country.

In the area of Nigeria where I live, we don't use the concepts of peak and off-peak hours. Here, you are given what is called an estimated bill for the power that was supplied, so you share it among members of the community and pay. Thought there are places that still use peak and off-peak in their calculations.

The term "Peak Hour" refers to a period of the day when electricity demand is very high. This usually starts from around 5 am to about 8 pm. When people, companies and factories are actively using power.
Off-peak on the other hand, stretches from 9 pm in the evening to the early hours of the morning, ending around 4 am. Electricity is cheaper during off-peak hours.

B

B. Calculate your house load and prepare the electricity bill for November 2024 by following Example 1

8 security lights of 60 watts around the house and on the fence, each operating for 9 hours a day. Internal lighting; 7 bulbs, 30 watts, each operating for 4 hours a day. One smoothie maker; 75 watts used for 2 hours every day. One deep freezer, 100 watts, on for 6 hours daily. A Panasonic washing machine, 900 watts, used 2 hours daily. Electricity charges is 0.068 Steem per unit [exchange rate of ₦469 per Steem]

Consumption Calculation

Daily consumption of security lamps:
= Watts * Number of loads * Hours
= 60 * 8 * 9 = 4320 Wh
= 4.32 KWH per day
Per month = 4.32 * 30 days
= 129.6 KWH Per Month

Daily consumption of internal lamps:
= Watts * Number of loads * Hours
= 30 * 7 * 4 = 840 Wh
= 0.84 KWH per day
Per month = 0.84 * 30 days
= 25.2 KWH Per Month

Daily consumption of smoothie maker:
= Watts * Number of loads * Hours
= 75 * 1 * 2 = 150 Wh
= 0.15 KWH per day
Per month = 0.15 * 30 days
= 4.5 KWH Per Month

Daily consumption of freezer:
= Watts * Number of loads * Hours
= 100 * 1 * 6 = 600 Wh
= 0.6 KWH per day
Per month = 0.6 * 30 days
= 18 KWH Per Month

Daily consumption of washing machine:
= Watts * Number of loads * Hours
= 900 * 1 * 2 = 1800 Wh
= 1.8 KWH per day
Per month = 1.8 * 30 days
= 54 KWH Per Month

Appliances	Monthly kWh
Security lamps	129.6
Internal lamps	25.2
Smoothie maker	4.5
Deep freezer	18
Washing machine	54
Monthly Total	231.3 kWh

Total consumption for November
= 231.3 kWH

Electricity tariff 0.068 Steem per unit
231.3 KWH * 0.068 Steem

November Bill = 15.73 Steem

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C

Calculate the total electricity bill with the HT meter values given in Example 2 and design an electricity bill in Excel.

HT Meter Reading:

Date	R1(Peak)	R2(Off Peak)	Total kWh
01-11-2024	2625.20 kWh	9692.81 kWh	12318.01
30-11-2024	2665.26 kWh	9825.21 kWh	12490.47

Time	Amount in Steem
Peak Rate	1.5 Steem
Off-Peak Rate	1.0 Steem

R1(Peak)
R1 = (2665.26 - 2625.20)KWH * 18000
R1 = 721,080

R2(Off Peak)
R2 = (9825.21 - 9692.81)KWH * 18000
R2 = 2,383,200

Total KWH = R1 + R2

R1	721080
R2	2383200
Total KWH	3,104,280

Total Peak Electricity Bill @ 0.15 Steem/Unit
= R1(Peak) * 0.15
721,080 * 0.15 = 108162

Total Off-Peak Electricity Bill @ 0.10 Steem/Unit
= R2(Off Peak) * 0.10
2,383,200 * 0.10 = 238320

Peak KWH	108162
Off Peak KWH	238320
November Bill =	346482	Steem

D

Figure out the cable and circuit breaker sizes you need to setup a 20 ampere, 220 volts, and power factor (PF) 0.9 washing machine at home.

Calculating Washing Machine wattage

Watt Power = Voltage × Current × Power Factor

Voltage = 220V
Current = 20A
Power Factor = 0.9

P = 220 × 20 × 0.9 = 3960 Watts

To calculate the cable size, divide the power by 3 and use the table.

3960 / 3 = 1320 Watts

According to the table, 1320 watt washing machine needs a 2.5 RM category cable, installed with a 22A, 1500-Watts circuit breaker C10 (10 Amp).

I am inviting @dove11, @lovinah, and @oasiskp @blessedlife to participate and share their experiences in this contest. I sincerely appreciate my teachers for this wonderful opportunity to learn. Thank you for making the lessons easy to follow.

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