#9. TUTORIAL: Basic Electronics Engineering: PART-1

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Today I am writing my post regarding the first part of Basic Electronics Engineering. Hope it will be beneficial to my readers.

So without any further delay, let's visit the post to start learning.

1. ELECTRONIC DEVICES.

1.1 Define Electronics & its application:

The world's reliance on electronics is so great that commentators claim people live in an
"electronic age." People are surrounded by electronics—televisions, radios, computers, mobiles,
Laptop and DVD players, along with products with major electric components, such as
microwave ovens, refrigerators, and other kitchen appliances, automatic vehicles, Robotics, as
well as hearing aids and medical instruments and numerous applications in industry.
Definition: The branch of engineering which deals with current conduction through a Vacuum
or Gas or Semiconductor is known as Electronics. An electronic device is that in which current
flows through a vacuum or gas or semiconductor. This control of electrons is accomplished by
devices that resist, carry, select, steer, switch, store, manipulate, and exploit the electron.

Or

Electronics deals with electrical circuits that involve active electrical components such as
vacuum tubes, transistors, diodes and integrated circuits, and associated passive
interconnection technologies. Commonly, electronic devices contain circuitry consisting
primarily or exclusively of active semiconductors supplemented with passive elements; such a
circuit is described as an electronic circuit.

APPLICATIONS of Electronics:

Electronic components: capacitor (C), cathode ray tube (CTR), diode (D), digital signal
processor (DSP, field effect transistor (FET), integrated circuit (IC), junction gate field effect
transistor (JFET), inductor (L), Liquid crystal display (LCD), light dependent resistor (LDR, light
emitting diode (LED), Metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), transistor
(Q), resistor (R), relay (RLA, RY), switch (SW), transformer (T), thermistor (TH), transistor
(Tr), integrated circuit (U, IC), variable capacitor (VC), variable resistor (VR) and more.

Consumer Electronics include products like – Audio Systems, Video Systems, TV (Television),
Computer, Laptop, Digital Camera, DVD Players, Home and Kitchen Appliances, GPS, Mobiles
Phones etc.

Communication: Electronic communication systems connect people around the world. Using
telephones, Internet and computers, people in different countries communicate almost
instantly. Radios transmit sounds and televisions transmit sounds and pictures great distances.
Cellular telephones enable a person to call another person. Within seconds, fax machines send
and receive copies of documents over telephone lines/Satellite.

Information processing: Scientists, artists, students, government and business workers, and
hobbyists at home all rely on computers, Internet to handle huge amounts of information
quickly and accurately. Computers solve difficult mathematical problems, maintain vast
amounts of data, create complex simulations, and perform a multitude of other tasks that help
people in their everyday lives.

Medicine and research: Include product like X-ray machines ECG (Electrocardiogram) use
radiation to take images of bones and internal organs. Radiation therapy, or radiotherapy, uses
X-rays and other forms of radiation to fight cancer. Many hearing-impaired people depend on
hearing aids to electrically amplify sound waves.
Computers and other electronic instruments provide scientists and other researchers with
powerful tools to better understand their area of study. Computers, for example, help scientists
design new drug molecules, track weather systems, and test theories about how galaxies and
stars develop. Electron microscopes use electrons rather than visible light to magnify specimens
1 million times or more.

Automation: Electronic components enable many common home appliances, such as
refrigerators, washing machines, and toasters, to function smoothly and efficiently. People can
electronically program coffeemakers, lawn sprinklers, and many other products to turn on and
off automatically. Microwave ovens heat food quickly by penetrating it with short radio waves
produced by a vacuum tube.

Instrumentation: Measuring Instruments like CRO, Multimeter, ph-meter, strain gauge,
VTVM, Frequency Counter are used in different Laboratory/organisations.
Many automobiles have electronic controls in their engines and fuel systems. Electronic devices
also control air bags, which inflate to protect a driver and passengers in a collision.

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