Psychodynamic models for counseling and psychotherapy. Critical analysis. /part 3/
As the upbringing was more explicit, the greater the risk that the Over-the-Self will become pathologically dominant. According to Freud, all people are constantly pushing, so the healthy is a potential neurotic. Basic theories of therapy are: the first task of psychoanalytic therapy is to bring the conflict into action, to resume it and to achieve some solution. This solution is represented by the liberation of the libido from those relationships with the self.
Changing the Self is a result of the therapist's purposeful efforts, which, through interpretations, beliefs and suggestions, leads the client to insight-consciousness and accepting the unconscious and pushed in the past mental state. These changes occur slowly and hardly because in the course of psychoanalysis Different resistance has to be overcome. During the therapy, the patient's suffering can be exacerbated and his condition worsen. This is a normal reaction as a result of the resurgence of the conflict. The main elements of psychoanalytic therapy are: free associations - they serve to reveal the content of the psychic material displaced.
The unconscious can only change if realized. By altering the hypnosis with free associations, Freud alters the quality of psychotherapy by relying on the conscious involvement of the client. associations as a method are based on the situation that there is nothing accidental in psyche. Every thought has its cause and its expression is an expression of the inner logic of psychic reality. In a normal situation man exerts control over the external expression of his thoughts by ignoring those who are unrelated to the conversation or considered unacceptable and indecent. Freud believes that the unconscious has its own logic according to which one thought passes into another. The client must explain that there is nothing unimportant, shameful or meaningless, which will also say that he must speak all that he has come to mind.
Resistance - the process of psychoanalysis has two phases: finding the repressed and overcoming the resistance that holds them in the unconscious. The reason for the resistance is always an unconscious avoidance of awareness of a given content. The therapist's task is to reveal how the client resists, what, and why. The other side of the resistance is related to their overcoming; transmission - transmission is a re-experience of feelings and relationships from the past during therapy. Revealing the psychic essence and the mechanisms of manifestation of Freud, he described it as a "weapon" of psychotherapy.