"Basic Knowledge in Agriculture #7"

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"Basic Knowledge in Agriculture #7"

What are the different types of cassava varieties, differentiate them in terms of yield, disease resistance, etc

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Cassava is the main root crop in tropical areas. This crop has a various varieties that can be differentiate on the basis of the disease resistance and yield.The two chief kinds of the cassava are the bitter and sweet cassava.

The sweet cassava are basically preferred to consume directly because of the lower cyanogenic levels of the compounds in it and this is very easy and safe to eat without immensive processing. The sweet cassava fields have a high percentage of the yields and it ranges from twenty to thirty tons and this crops cultivation required optimal conditions.

While on the other hand, the bitter cassava, they have the higher level of the cyanogenic glycosides and they are considered as the toxic if they are not processed properly. The varieties of the bitter cassava are used in the industrial processes such as the production of starch. It has a rate of yield from fifteen to twenty five tons per hectare. They have the lower yield levels as compared to the sweet cassava varieties. Some of the bitter cassava varieties have a strong resistance to the diseases and pets and these are suitable where there is a larger rate of the diseases.

When we talk about the disease resistance, the modern system of the technology has originated such varieties that are resistant to the diseases.

List the common pests & diseases that affect cassava and how can they be controlled?

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This is very easily susceptible to the diseases which can affect the yield. The phenacoccus can cause damage due to sucking from the plants and it can result in the reduction of the yield. This can be controlled by using natural parasitoids .

The green mite is also a pest which can cause damage to the leaves and it can reduce the process of photosynthesis and ultimately results in the reduction of the yield. IPM can be used to control the lead damage which is caused by the green mite .

Whiteflies are also disease causing agents which are present on the leaves, they feed on the plants but in turn they cause diseases to the plants. The insecticides are applied to the control it.

What are some post-harvest handling and processing techniques of cassava tubers?

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It is very important to maintain the quality of yields of the cassava varieties by post harvest handling and processing of cassava tubers. After harvesting, the tubers should be handled properly to reduce the physical damage. The soil should be removed to clean the tubers and they can cleaned via washing them. It will help to reduce the decay.

After using storage should be done in a cool and dry place. The temperature for their storage should be between twelve to fifteen degrees.The techniques of the processing are grafting, fermentation. Peeling is the act of removal of the skin and may be this skin contain the toxins. Next is teg fermentation process this will enhance the value of nutritional benefits.

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