AMMONIA AND IT'S APPLICATIONS

Ammonia is compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.it is a colourless gas with a characteristic pungent smell. It has a molar mass of 17.031g/mol, density of 0.86 kg/m3 and soluble in water ,chloroform, ether, ethanol, methanol etc.

Ammonia is extremely hazardous and caustic in concentrated form.when it reaches toxic level in human body it causes hyperammonemia .

USES OF AMMONIA

1.PRODUCTION OF FERTILIZER
Nealy 88%of fertilizer used in world are gotten from ammonia. This improves crops yield .

2.USED IN PRODUCTION OF NITROGENOUS COMPOUNDS
Ammonia is an important deriivative nitric acid.nearly all synthetic NITROGENOUS COMPOUNDS are gotten from ammonia. Nitric acid is an important chemical for manufacturing explosive ,fertilizer and many other compounds. The reaction as follows

NH3 + 2 O2 → HNO3 + H2O

3.USED AS CLEANER

ammonia is a solution of NH3 in water is used to clean many surfaces it is frequently used for cleaning ovens and soaking items to loosen baked-on grime.

4.USED IN FERMENTATION PROCESS
Ammonia is used in chemical industries as a source 7of nitrogen for microorganisms and to adjust pH during fermentation.

5.USED AS ANTIMICROBIAL IN FOOD INDUSTRIES
like in beef ,Anhydrous ammonia is currently used commercially to reduce or eliminate microbial contamination of beef.

6.USED IN REFRIGERANT
It is used in refrigerator because it high efficiency of energy and cheapness.

7.USED AS COOLANT IN NUCLEAR REACTOR

Ammonia coolant is also used in the S1 radiator aboard the International Space Station in two loops which are used to regulate the internal temperature.

8.USED AS FUEL

It is used as fuel in combustion engine likex-15 aircraft.

9.USED IN TEXTILE INDUSTRY
It is used to straighten cellulose materials and give a lusterous shining (mercerisation) using akali. It is also applicable in prewashing of wool.

10.AS STIMULANT

It is going useful as respiratory stimulant Like Methamphetamine.

11.WOODWORKING
ammonia is used to darken wood by Ammonia fumes react with the natural tannins in the wood and makes it to change colours.

Ammonia have tremendous applications ,

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