Dayah pesantren and surau

Dayah, pesantren and Surau
The oldest educational institution in the history of education in Aceh is Dayah. Educational institutions such as dayahini in Java are known by the name of Pesantren, in Padang called Surau, while in Malaysia and Pattani (Thailan) in Sebut Pondok. The word Dayah, also often spoken Deyab by the people of Aceh Besar, in ambi from Zawiyah Arabic. The term zawiyah literally means an angle, believed by the people of Atjeh first used for the corner of the Medina Mosque when Prophet Muhammad taught the Companions in the early days of Islam.
Although, dayah is similar to the pesantren in Java and surau in West Sumatra, but the three educational institutions are not exactly the same, at least in their historical background. Pesantren existed before Islam arrived in Indonesia. Another difference between Pesantrens and Dayahs is that pesantren accept children since the basic study (alif ba ta), while the dayah accepts adults only. The minimum requirement that can be received at dayah is to have finished elementary school, or read Al-Qur'an and can write Arabic.
In contrast to the history of the surau in Minangkabau, West Sumatra, is the epitome of an institution of Minangkabau indigenous people who existed before the arrival of Islam to Minangkabau. Usually this surau belongs to one tribe or indu, and is built to complement the gadang house (custom house) consisting of several families (known sparuik or one descendant) who live under the leadership of a datuk (tribal chief). It seems that the surau has been used as a place for the Hindu-budha ritual before Sheikh Burhanuddin Ulukan introduced the Quranic recitation system there. Based on that in 1956 King Adityawarman memebangun surau around Bakti Gombak housing, and it seems that surau is used to serve young people to get knowledge about customs. At that time surau also serves as a gathering place, a place of musyawarah, and bed boys who grown up or old men. This function is in accordance with the Minangkabau adat that boys do not have rooms in the home of their parents. It is only the daughters who live in the booths of the rooms made by their parents. When Islam came surau in Islamization, that is beside as a meeting place and bed, surau became a place to study Islam, read Al-Qur'an and place of Prayer. When a place of prayer in the early development of Islam surau has functioned as a small mosque.
From the above explanation can be seen that dayah, pesantrean and surau memepunyai different historical background. Despite having the same function for now. It is important to note that dayah education requires students to stay at dayah, where there are houses for teachers and assistants, boarding students, as well as mosques or mosques (small mosques) and study rooms for students. Dayah is set by someone or some people who called me teungku.