Basic Knowledge in Agriculture #77
Explain in detail the term farm management
Management in agriculture is defined as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of farm production, resources, and inputs in such a way as to obtain optimum production and highest possible farm profit. It is making the choices of how to best utilize land, labor, capital and technology to grow crops and produce livestock. Farm management demands utilization of agriculture, economic and business principles to maintain sustainability and profitability.
Essentially, farm management is decision-making process. It is required by a farmer to make decision on which kind of crop or livestock is to be produced, on the timing of crop planting or harvest and on strategies of what to do under different environmental conditions, pest outbreaks or marketing factors. It involves budgeting, record-keeping, and farm appraisal to ensure effectiveness and productivity. Currently, it also uses advanced technology like modern irrigation system, modern machines and record management system to improve performance.
What is the importance of farm management?
Importance of farm management cannot be understated. It is able to conserve resource. With limitation of land, water, capital and labor, effective management of farm resources reduces the waste of these resources. Productivity would increase and thus produce more higher yields.
Second it is able to raise farm profit. Farmers are able to choose the right crop or animal which are profitably raised. They are also able to reduce cost of production and produce optimum quantities of farm products for higher returns.
Third it is able to reduce risks. Farmers are vulnerable to unpredictable factor like climate, pest, disease and marketing. Through management, risks can be reduced.
Fourth, it is able to promote sustainability in the farm. It is useful for conservation of soil resources and utilizing resources such as soil, labor, capital and water in non-destructive ways for long-term development and greater productivity.
Fifth it increases farmer's ability to making decision and long-term plan. Future activity could be easily planned and achieved goals can be accomplished when based on farm performance appraisal.
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