SEC S20W5 || Anemias Hemolíticas - Modulo 5

_{Hello Everyone
This is @max-pro from, #Bangladesh}

_{Thumbnail made by canva}

---

Greetings to all. Hope everyone is staying healthy and enjoying this year's engagement pageants. So I came to participate in this wonderful engagement competition. This week the esteemed @dexsyluz mam presented a wonderful topic to everyone. Today I learned a lot from his contest. So I will share my opinion by answering some questions.

⭕ Defines Hemolytic Anemias 🩸🩸

Last week we had a discussion about reticulocytes which was very nice. Everyone needs to know about hemolytic anemia. According to my knowledge hemolytic anemia is a condition in which the body's red blood cells means red blood cells are destroyed faster than normal.

Red blood cells carry oxygen around the body and normally last 120 days. But in hemolytic anemia they are rapidly destroyed. As a result, the body lacks enough red blood cells and symptoms like fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath may appear. But it can also be caused by certain medications, infections or immune system malfunctions.

Symptoms of hemolytic anemia are:-

• Weakness and fatigue

• shortness of breath

• Yellowing of the skin or eyelids

• headache

• Rapid heartbeat

• feel cold

• Chest or back pain

⭕ Defines Sickle Cell Anemia 🩸🩸

Sickle cell anemia is a hereditary blood disorder. Where the shape of the red blood cells is instead of the normal round shape, it is curved like a crescent or half moon. Because of this abnormal shape, blood cells are easily damaged and blood flow is obstructed. As a result, not enough oxygen can reach different parts of the body and this increases the risk of pain, fatigue, infection and organ damage.

It is mainly found genetically i.e. transmission of the disease from parents to children. Sickle cell anemia is most common in people of African descent. However, it may also occur in other countries or regions. Treatment is usually symptomatic, such as relieving pain and helping to maintain circulation. I have drawn the structure of this disease. I didn't have enough colored pencils to draw it. But I tried my best.

drawing by @max-pro

The main symptoms of sickle cell anemia are:-

• Rapid fatigue and weakness.

• Severe pain (sickle cell crisis).

• Risk of various infections

• Swollen and painful hands and feet.

• shortness of breath.

• Yellowing of the skin or the whites of the eyes.

⭕ Intravascular hemolysis vs. extravascular hemolysis 🩸🩸

Intravascular hemolysis occurs inside the blood vessels and extravascular hemolysis occurs in the liver and spleen. Some of its features are mentioned below.

Intravascular hemolysis	extravascular hemolysis
This occurs inside blood vessels or veins where red blood cells are broken down directly.	This occurs mainly in the liver and spleen, where red blood cells are slowly broken down.
As a result, hemoglobin is released into the blood and can be excreted in the urine.	In this, hemoglobin is processed by the liver or spleen instead of going directly into the blood.
Common symptoms include dark red or brown urine, back or abdominal pain.	Its common symptoms are jaundice such as yellow skin and eyes, enlarged spleen, and weakness.

⭕ Explain a case of Hemolytic Anemia 🩸🩸

Hemolytic anemia is a condition in which red blood cells break down faster than normal. As a result, there are not enough red blood cells in the blood to carry oxygen to different parts of the body. Let's look at a simple case example.

Image Source

Mr. Koddus is a 25-year-old young man. Suddenly started feeling extreme fatigue and shortness of breath. His skin and the whites of his eyes turn yellow. He went to his doctor and after the doctor tested his blood, he found that his hemoglobin level was very low and his red blood cell count was low.

Doctors began investigating possible causes of his hemolytic anemia. Mr. Koddus was diagnosed with an autoimmune problem where his immune system was attacking and destroying his own red blood cells. As a result, the red blood cells break down too quickly and cannot supply enough oxygen to his body, making him weak and tired. I have shown the symptoms above.

The doctor recommends steroid drugs to control his immune system and sometimes a blood transfusion so that new red blood cells can come into the body and carry oxygen. So from my point of view this was my opinion. It was a very nice and informative competition. Here everyone can share their own opinion and learn more. Hope you all understand and like it. Good luck and see you soon.

So I am Inviting my lovely Steemian friends @patjewell, @irawandedy, @shohana1 to Participate in this Competition.